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                  <text>The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.</text>
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              <text>One of the first women to be a party of The Communist Party of China, she served as the Minister of Women’s Affairs.  Jingyu is widely regarded as a pioneer of the women's movement in China.  She wrote articles about problems that Chinese women faced and called for women to unite and fight for social, political, and economic rights.  She worked to initiate public schools for girls and to organize working women.  She founded the China Women's Federation, which gave Chinese women the start for a nation-wide movement. Jingyu was active in trying to secure workers rights and organized ten thousand female workers from silk factories to strike in 1924. She continued her activity amongst growing political turmoil. In 1927, Chiang Kai-Shek started a counter-revolution, but instead of fleeing Jingyu continued to help the workers' movement. She was arrested in 1928 and executed by Guomindang police.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;McElderry, Andrea. "Woman Revolutionary: Xiang Jingyu." &lt;em&gt;The China Quarterly&lt;/em&gt; 105 (March 1986): 95-122.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>The broad collection of "Arts/Humanities/Social Sciences" highlights those women who dared in the areas of the arts (visual and performing), the humanities (philosophy, law, history, literature, religion, languages, communication), and the social sciences ( anthropology, archaeology, sociology, economics, psychology, political science). It also includes female intellectuals who were excluded from formal methods of education, but who advanced our collective knowledge of the aforementioned fields. Each of the fields represented started off as a male-dominated field. Although women have integrated all of these areas, they are still not representative in many such as religion, political science, law, economics, psychology, archaeology, history, and so on. This collection hopes to expand the readers' knowledge of women in these subjects and encourage their further study by women.</text>
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              <text>Nellie Bly was the penname of Elizabeth Jane Cochrane. As a teenager, Cochrane wrote a letter to the editor of the local Pittsburgh paper to refute a misogynistic article that the paper had printed. The editor was impressed with her writing and offered her a job. Her first story focused on the plight of working women. Eventually, Joseph Pulitzer of the &lt;em&gt;New York World&lt;/em&gt; newspaper heard of her writing and offered her a position at this paper. Cochrane faked insanity in front of a judge and went undercover to expose the real story of how patients at asylums were treated.  Her investigate journalistic style was original for the time. After Jules Verne published &lt;em&gt;Around the World in 80 Days&lt;/em&gt;, Cochrane left on a trip and did it in 72—just to prove that it could be done. She investigated prison conditions and her writing was a boon to social reformers. After marriage in 1895, she left writing for some time. It was thought unseemly for married women of a certain status to work outside the home. Her  husband died in 1904 and Cochrane became one of the leading female industrialists of the time. She went back to writing and covered the Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913. She then reported from the Eastern European front in World War I. She died in 1922.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"I always had a desire to know asylum life more thoroughly-a desire to be convinced that the most helpless of God's creatures, the insane, were cared for kindly and properly."--Nellie Bly&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"People of the world can never imagine the length of days to those in asylums. They seemed neverending, and we welcomed any event that might give us something to think about as well as talk of." --Nellie Bly&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ten Days in a Mad-House&lt;/em&gt; by Nellie Bly: &lt;a href="http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/bly/madhouse/madhouse.html"&gt;http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/bly/madhouse/madhouse.html&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Kroeger, Brooke. &lt;em&gt;Nellie Bly: Daredevil, Reporter, Feminist&lt;/em&gt;. (New York: Times Books, 1994).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nellie Bly--a Resource Website: &lt;a href="http://www.nellieblyonline.com/"&gt;http://www.nellieblyonline.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;National Women's History Museum: &lt;a href="http://www.nwhm.org/online-exhibits/youngandbrave/bly.html"&gt;http://www.nwhm.org/online-exhibits/youngandbrave/bly.html&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Biography.com website on Nellie Bly: &lt;a title="Biography.com website on Nellie Bly" href="http://www.biography.com/people/nellie-bly-9216680#synopsis"&gt;http://www.biography.com/people/nellie-bly-9216680#synopsis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Alice Paul was a suffragist who famously split from the state-by-state campaign of the National American Woman's Suffrage Association to form the National Woman's Party, which was dedicated to a constitutional amendment. The NWP picketed the White House and many women, including Paul, were arrested for obstructing traffic. Paul began a hunger strike while in prison to protest the conditions there. Their campaign kept the cause of suffrage in the news during World War I and contributed to the passage of the 19th amendment enfranchising women. Not satisfied with women's still inequitable status, Paul shifted her focus to the passage of an Equal Rights Amendment.  The ERA called for the rights of U.S. citizens to not be denied or abridged on the basis of sex. Although ERA has been continuously discussed in Congress since 1924, to this day there is still no amendment to the U.S. Constitution protecting rights on account of sex. Paul was a well-educated women who took a B.A. in Biology, a M.A. in Sociology, a Ph.D. in Economics, and three law degrees (LL.B., LL. M., Doctorate in Civil Laws) from various colleges.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Adams, Katherine H. and Michael L. Keene. &lt;em&gt;Alice Paul and the American Suffrage Campaign&lt;/em&gt;. (University of Illinois Press, 2007).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Alice Paul Institute: &lt;a href="http://www.alicepaul.org/"&gt;http://www.alicepaul.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Conversations with Alice Paul: &lt;a href="http://content.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/kt6f59n89c/"&gt;http://content.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/kt6f59n89c/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Betty Friedan was an American feminist, activist, and writer. Her 1963 book, &lt;em&gt;The Feminine Mystique&lt;/em&gt;, is considered an important impetus to the women’s rights movement. Friedan’s book opened the way for women to rethink their places in the family, the community, and the world at large. Friedan co-founded the National Organization of Women, the largest political organization today fighting for women’s equality. She was also a strong advocate of the Equal Rights Amendment.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Friedan, Betty. &lt;em&gt;The Feminine Mystique&lt;/em&gt;. New York: W.W. Norton, 1963.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;_____. &lt;em&gt;It Changed My Life: Writings on the Women's Movement&lt;/em&gt;. New York: Random House, 1976.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;_____. &lt;em&gt;The Fountain of Age&lt;/em&gt;. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Oliver, Susan. &lt;em&gt;Betty Friedan: the Personal is Political&lt;/em&gt;. New York: Pearson Longman, 2008.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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