1
10
73
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Other
Description
An account of the resource
The "other" collection highlights the many women who are not easily defined by a single category--they may include female athletes or military personnel. They are women who encourage us to dream of a more equitable tomorrow through their actions to integrate various areas of society.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
October 19, 1850
Birthplace
Providence, Rhode Island
Death Date
July 18, 1935
Occupation
Adventurer, Author, & Teacher
Bibliography
<strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;">Books/Pamphlets by Annie Smith Peck</span></strong><br /><br /><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VyBbAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ViewAPI#v=onepage&q&f=false" title="A Search for the Apex of America"><em>A Search for the Apex of America</em></a>, 1911.<br /><br /><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bDPeBMyyCnkC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ViewAPI#v=onepage&q&f=false" title="The South American Tour"><em>The South American Tour</em></a>, 1913.<br /><br /><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015064571691;view=1up;seq=9" title="Industrial and Commercial South America"><em>Industrial and Commercial South America</em></a>, 1922.<br /><br /><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015064571691;view=1up;seq=9" title="Flying Over South America"><em>Flying Over South America</em></a>, 1932.<br /><br /><strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;">Secondary Sources</span></strong><br /><br /><em>A Woman's Place is at the Top: a Biography of Annie Smith Peck</em> by Hannah Kimberley, 2017.<br /><br />Annie Smith Peck, <a href="http://www.ric.edu/faculty/rpotter/smithpeck.html">http://www.ric.edu/faculty/rpotter/smithpeck.html</a><br /><br />Annie Smith Peck, <a href="https://www.biography.com/people/annie-smith-peck-215064">https://www.biography.com/people/annie-smith-peck-215064</a><br /><br /><em>Women of the Four Winds</em> by Elizabeth Fagg Olds, 1985.
Biographical Text
<p>Annie Smith Peck enjoyed a privileged upbringing in Rhode Island. Her father, an attorney and business owner, was a prominent man in Providence serving on their City Council. Annie started her education by attending Dr. Stockbridge’s School for Young Ladies before going to the local high school and then graduating from a Rhode Island teaching college. As was common at the time, students who wished to teach gained extra training by attending a normal school. Annie graduated from the Rhode Island Normal School in 1872. The Rhode Island Normal School had opened in 1854. Since the first normal school in the United States started in 1823 in Vermont, Rhode Island’s Normal School was one of the first in the nation—schools in Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Michigan preceding it. Annie’s program was a teacher preparation curriculum, but the school eventually developed into a teaching college and then later into a comprehensive higher education institution when it became Rhode Island College.</p>
<p>After receiving teaching training, Annie moved (in the mid 1870s) to Saginaw, Michigan—a lumber town—to teach high school courses. While in Michigan, Annie decided to pursue further education. In 1870, the prestigious University of Michigan had opened its doors to women. With the first class of women graduating from U of M, Annie enrolled in the Classical Languages program (specializing in Greek). She graduated with honors in 1878. Annie then pursued a master’s degree in Greek, which she received in 1881. From Michigan, she ventured off to Europe to obtain further training. Annie was reportedly the first woman to attend the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece. (“Annie Smith Peck,” <a href="http://www.ric.edu/faculty/rpotter/smithpeck.html" title="Dr. Russell Potter faculty page">Dr. Russell Potter faculty page</a>, Rhode Island College, accessed 12/21/2017)</p>
<p>It was in Europe that Annie discovered the thrill of mountain climbing and her aptitude for it. She scaled mountains in Italy, Switzerland, and Greece. She became the third woman ever to reach the summit of the Matterhorn in the Alps. Social convention required women to wear skirts or dresses at all times, but Annie donned trousers for the climb—scandalizing everyone I’m sure. Mountain climbing was a male sport, so there wasn't equipment available for women. Annie had to engineer or adapt the necessary implements...even her shoes. After climbing the Matterhorn in 1895, Annie set her sights on the Americas. She scaled Mount Orizaba in Mexico in 1897 and tried to climb Mount Illampu in Bolivia, but failed.</p>
<p>In 1908, after several attempts, and at the age of 58, Annie Smith Peck was the first person to scale Peru’s Mount Huascaran. It was a major achievement that was fraught with danger. At the time, she thought she had climbed the highest peak in the Americas. It would turn out not to be the highest, but it was still a record-breaking climb of 22,205 feet. A year later, she promoted suffrage by planting a “Votes For Women” flag at the top of Mount Coropuna in Peru.</p>
Throughout her life, she continued mountaineering, exploring, and travel writing. Although she climbed until right before she died, she included exploring by plane to her adventuring ways. She explored South America by flight and wrote about it in her 1932 book, <i>Flying Over South America: Twenty Thousand Miles by Air</i>. Annie Smith Peck died in 1935 at the age of 84 having set new records for men and women alike.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Annie Smith Peck
Subject
The topic of the resource
Mountain climbing
Description
An account of the resource
Annie Smith Peck was an adventurer, teacher, author, and mountain climber who achieved new heights for women, not just by scaling summits but through her travel writing, work in the Classics, and exploration.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Writer: Amy French
Researcher: Sheila Hempsted
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: http://www.ric.edu/faculty/rpotter/smithpeck.html
adventurer
annie peck
annie smith peck
explorer
mountain climbing
travel writing
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics
Description
An account of the resource
The "Science/Technology/Engineering/Mathematics" (STEM) collection highlights those women who dared in the fields of science, medicine, technology, engineering, and mathematics. It also highlights female intellectuals who were excluded from formal methods of education, but who advanced our collective knowledge of the aforementioned fields. Even in the 21st century, women are underrepresented in these fields. The women portrayed in this collection provide examples of excellence in STEM studies and inspire us to continue integrating these areas.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
April 3, 1934
Birthplace
London, England
Occupation
Primatologist, Anthropologist, Ethologist, Conservationist
Biographical Text
<p>Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall conducted research which revealed aspects of the chimp society previously unknown to the scientific community, such as: tool making/ using, emotional displays, social status and relationship building between chimps, communication and dietary characteristics. Jane made discoveries which indicated a parallel between chimps and humans in several areas, indicating that chimps are much more like humans than previously believed. This information was shared with the scientific community and though it was criticized for not following set scientific standards, her findings were recognized as significant. Jane went to Cambridge University and obtained her PhD in Ethology. She opened the Jane Goodall Institute for Wildlife Research, Education and Conservation in 1977 to promote the research as well as address concerns with conservation. Following a conference in 1986, Jane became acutely aware of the dangers imposed upon the chimps due to a diminishing environment from human encroachment upon their ecosystem. She left her beloved research in Africa to take up the cause to bring awareness to the peril chimps faced from man’s disruption of their environment. In 1991, Jane developed a conservation program for children called <em>Roots and Shoots</em> to educate and support the following generations in their goal to protect the environment. It is currently available in almost 100 countries today. Jane travels 300 days a year speaking to people around the world to champion the cause for chimps and promote changes to preserve our environment. Her work as an ethologist, scientist, activist and conservationist encourages society to make changes that promote sustainable living and preservation of the environment and animals, especially the chimps.</p>
<p>From an early age, Goodall loved animals. She dreamed of going to Africa someday to write about the animals she so loved. Growing up in a society where girls were dissuaded from such ideas, she had the support of a matriarchal household that encouraged Jane to follow her dreams via hard work and use of opportunities. During her childhood, World War II had broken out and she, her mother and her sister went to stay with her grandmother. Her father joined the military then later divorced her mother. After graduation from high school in 1952, Jane did not have enough money to go to college. Urged by her mother to learn secretarial work, Jane took classes and became employed as a secretary in a few different firms. In 1956, Jane was presented with the opportunity to go to Africa to a friend’s family farm. She used this opportunity to pursue her dream. Shortly after arriving in Africa, Jane met anthropologists Drs. Mary and Louis Leakey who hired her as an assistant. She accompanied them on an archeological dig in Olduvai Gorge. Recognizing Jane’s enthusiasm and intelligence, the Leakeys asked Jane if she would go to Gombe to study chimpanzees to determine a link between man and this species. After funds were secured for the research, Jane found herself at the Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve in 1960. As a young girl with no degree nor experience, Jane used methods deemed unempirical in the current scientific community. In doing so, she made significant discoveries which rocked the scientific world’s understanding of chimp behaviors. Understanding the need for Jane to be educated, the Leakeys arranged for her to attend Cambridge University to obtain a PhD. This was unprecedented as Jane did not even have an undergraduate degree. However, she completed her thesis using her research at Gombe and obtained her PhD in Ethology in 1965. Setting up the Jane Goodall Institute in 1977, she left less than 10 years later to promote environmental awareness and sustainable living to save the chimpanzees. As of this publication in 2017, she is in her 80s and continues to travel the world 300 days a year to share her message of activism and environmental protection.</p>
<p>The name Jane Goodall is synonymous with chimpanzee research. She has been identified as the authority of chimpanzees but her story goes well beyond that. Depicted in issues of <em>National Geographic</em> and appearing in <em>National Geographic</em> documentaries, it may seem her fame as an ethologist was obtained effortlessly. However, Jane faced many obstacles before reaching her goal of studying animals in Africa. As a child, she faced the trials of living during a world war with an absent father. Her love of animals and propensity for research at an early age did not prevent a society who felt girls did not belong in such positions from discouraging her. The scientific community challenged her methods, despite the incredible discoveries she made during her research. Jane met this opposition with determination, taking advantage of every opportunity that allowed her one more step towards her goal. She was blessed with a mother that encouraged and supported her and later in her life and the Leakey's who recognized her strengths and offered opportunities that led to her goals. These efforts paid off: Jane is the leading authority on Chimpanzees with decades of research, several books and academic papers to support this. In addition, she is invited around the world to share her knowledge about her research and the environmental changes needed to maintain a sustainable future.</p>
The information gained from Jane’s research may seem only relevant to the scientific community and those interested in chimpanzees, but it extends well beyond this. She revealed that animals can have similar emotions, social patterns and relationships as humans. Jane transformed the way animal research is approached today, stepping outside the scientific boundaries to gain insight about chimpanzees that were never realized before. Extending beyond her research, Jane understood the need for changes to occur in the manner humans relate to their environment so a more balanced ecosystem may be maintained, one that could support the animals, particularly the chimps, in their ever-decreasing environment. She continues to advocate for changes in the way humans treat and interact with nature, teaching adults and children alike the need to take care of the earth for future generations of both humans and non-human creatures alike. Through her research and activism, Jane continues to strive towards developing a better world for all.
Bibliography
<p>Goodall, Jane. <em>The chimpanzees of Gombe: patterns of behavior</em>. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1986.</p>
<p>Goodall, Jane. <em>Through a window: thirty years with the chimpanzees of Gombe</em>. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1990.</p>
<p>Goodall, Jane, and Dale Peterson. <em>Africa in my blood: an autobiography in letters: the early years. </em>Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 2001.</p>
<p>Goodall, Jane, and Phillip L. Berman. <em>Reason for hope: a spiritual journey</em>. New York, NY: Warner, 2005.</p>
<p>Goodall, Jane, and Hugo Van Lawick. <em>In the shadow of man</em>. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010.</p>
<p>Montgomery, Sy. <em>Walking with the great apes: Jane Goodall, Diane Fossey, Biruté Galdikas</em> White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Pub., 2009.</p>
<p>O’Malley, Robert C., William Wallauer, Carson M. Murray, and Jane Goodall. "The Appearance and Spread of Ant Fishing among the Kasekela Chimpanzees of Gombe." <em>Current Anthropology </em>53, no. 5 (October 2012): 650-63.</p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jane Goodall
Subject
The topic of the resource
Scientist and Activist
Description
An account of the resource
Leading authority on chimpanzees with ground-breaking discoveries, identifying similarities between man and chimpanzee.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Jennifer Stalker Hardin
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Photo Credit: Wikipedia
jane goodall
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b388f1f9de22308bfe2de3f614849b2b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Leadership/Governance
Description
An account of the resource
The leadership and governance collection highlights those women who dared to lead or govern. These women may have led countries or industries. They may have governed organizations or companies. Because women have historically been excluded from positions of power, it is important to acknowledge those women who were able to achieve positions at the top. Although a glass ceiling still exists in most societies, these women give us hope that someday that ceiling will be destroyed and that top roles in a company, government, or institution will fairly represent the half of the population comprised of women.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
November 30, 1924
Birthplace
Brooklyn, New York
Death Date
January 1, 2005
Occupation
Teacher and Congresswoman
Biographical Text
<p>Women had won the right to vote just four years before Shirley Chisholm’s birth. Racial segregation was still the norm and women were expected to be maids, mothers, and homemakers. Colleges could require different standards from women applicants than men. There was no question of gender and racial inequality, it was a fact of life. Shirley Chisholm broke the mold society had created for women--she cracked it wide open. Shirley Chisholm was radical; her support for social justice, feminism, black nationalists, and her opposition to US foreign policy was far outside the norm. Yet she stayed in politics, trying to bring progressive change to the Democratic Party as another facet of a movement striving for equality. At the same time Chisholm was fighting her hardest to get Lewis Flagg (a black judge) elected to an all-white municipal court, Rosa Parks was refusing to give up her seat on the bus to a white man and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was calling African Americans to action against inequalities. While Chisholm was running her campaign for state congressional office, the Greensboro sit-ins were capturing national attention. The year Chisholm was elected to the House of Representatives, Robert Kennedy was assassinated. Chisholm ran for the presidency in the period of mourning following assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. The nation was in turmoil and Shirley Chisholm was the revolutionary inspiration it needed to move forward.</p>
<p>The firstborn of four daughters to first generation Barbadian immigrants in Brooklyn, Shirley spent her formative years (3-10 years old) in Barbados being educated in the traditional British fashion before returning to the States where she attended Brooklyn College. As a woman, her grade point average had to be five percent higher than a man’s to be admitted (Winslow 2014). She planned to eventually pursue education, one of the few fields viewed as open to women. While in college she joined and formed various political clubs such as the Harriet Tubman Society, Pan-American League, the Urban League, and IPOTHIA (In Pursuit Of The Highest In All). She didn’t view politics as a viable career choice however, because societal norms indicated that women, especially black women, did not belong in politics. She also had a basic awareness that racism and sexism often interacted in complex ways to restrain black women’s agency in social and political reform (Brown 2008). Instead of pursuing a Political Science degree, Chisholm earned a Masters in Education. Then, in 1936 she moved to Bedford-Stuyvesant and was the first person of color to join the 17th District Assembly (Ratmaa 2011), a political group representing the dominantly black district of Bedford-Stuyvesant. There she reinforced the value of female club member's contributions. She demanded to be a part of the assembly, despite the assumption that as a black woman she would remain seen but not heard. She teamed up with activist Mac Holder to create the Bedford-Stuyvesant Political League to help elect the first African American judge to the municipal court--a successful venture. (Pollack 1994) She then went on to form the Unity Democratic Club, which showed members how to push petitions and go door to door. </p>
<p>In 1964, Chisholm decided to run for Assemblywoman in the New York House of Representatives, shocking black and white men alike. Many black men lashed at her for trying to carve out her own place in politics instead of just supporting the black men who were struggling to gain equality themselves. Scholar Valerie Smith has noted, “For some black men, Chisholm’s confidence and assertiveness brought to mind the negative stereotypes of overbearing black women.” (Brown 2008)</p>
<p>She won the general election for Assemblywoman of the 17th Congressional District of New York and in her first ever vote as an elected official she broke party precedent, earning her a reputation for being someone with strong independent beliefs and convictions but also as a trouble maker. She introduced 50 bills, eight of which were passed. Shirley’s first bill protected domestic workers from unemployment and paved the way for the Domestic Worker’s Bill of Rights. Her second, SEEK, helped underprivileged minorities go to college. She passed a bill giving unemployment insurance and Social Security to agricultural and domestic workers, a goal of the civil and labor rights movement for over 30 years. She also fought for the legalization of abortion, which was partially achieved, at a time when just 4 of 207 legislators were women (Winslow 2014). She was reelected twice, with healthy margins both times. Then Chisholm had a bigger goal--the House of Representatives. She ran her campaign funded only by small donations from supporters, leading to her campaign slogan, “Unbought and Unbossed”. During the campaign Chisholm discovered she had a pelvic tumor and she was forced to stay in the hospital to recover from her surgery. Mere days after being released, Chisholm was once again campaigning. Her opponent, African American republican James Farmer, mocked Chisholm and claimed her gender made her unfit. His portrayal of her gender as a detriment enraged the women of the district who came out in droves to support their sister and lead her to a victory.</p>
<p>Once in office, Chisholm assigned women to every position in her office, in an attempt to fight sexism and increase the number of women in politics (Ratmaa 2011). She was assigned to the House Agriculture Committee, but did not feel she could bring value to that position. Despite being told to accept it and be happy Chisholm went to a caucus for approving committee assignments to reject her assignment. She was told such a move might end her career but to be quiet was not in her nature. She was reassigned to the Veteran’s Affairs Committee, where she promptly began investigating accusations of racial discrimination in benefit distribution. Shortly after President Nixon announced he was cutting the Head Start program (a preschool funding program for needy school children) to fund the Vietnam War and a missiles program, she gave her very first speech to the House of Representatives announcing her intention to vote against all bills sending money to the military for a war she vehemently opposed. </p>
In 1972 with the nation mourning its assassinated civil rights leaders and lacking faith in Nixon, Chisholm announced her candidacy for President of the United States. Despite many hurdles, she was the first black candidate for a major party to advance to the presidential primaries. Although unable to secure the nomination to be the Democratic candidate, her victory sent a message of hope to many who had lost it. She continued to be politically active after her departure from the House of Representatives in 1983, working on Jesse Jackson’s first and second presidential campaign and serving as president of what is today the National Congress of Black women before moving to Florida for retirement. She died January 1, 2005 and is buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery, Buffalo, New York.
Bibliography
<p>Barcella, Laura. <em>Fight Like a Girl</em> (California: Zest Books, 2016).</p>
<p>Brown, Tammy. “A New Era in American Politics,” <em>Callaloo </em>31 (2008): 1013-1025.</p>
<p>Pollack, Jill. <em>Shirley Chisholm</em> (New York: Franklin Watts, 1994).<br /><br />Raatma, Lucia. <em>Shirley Chisholm: Leading Women </em>(New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2011).</p>
<p>Winslow, Barbara. <em>Shirley Chisholm: Catalyst for Change</em> (Colorado: Westview Press, 2014).</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration:underline;">Primary Sources</span></p>
<p><em>Unbought and Unbossed</em> by Shirley Chisholm (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1970).</p>
<br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Shirley Chisholm
Subject
The topic of the resource
Congresswoman and Presidential Nominee
Description
An account of the resource
First black female member of the House of Representatives and first black female
candidate to run for a major party's nomination for President of the United States
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Natalie Delemeester
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Photo credit: Wikipedia
shirley chisholm
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1913
Birthplace
Huttig, Arkansas
Death Date
1999
Occupation
Activist, Journalist
Biographical Text
Daisy Bates’ fight for justice began long before the world knew her name. As a black woman born and matured prior to the Civil Rights Movement, she experienced the segregation and legal racism that came because of her skin tone. When she was a child, one of the first encounters she had with prejudice was when a butcher chose to keep serving the white clientele even after she placed her order for some meat (Calloway-Thomas, Garner, 1996). Though the separation by skin color was a part of her culture, this was one of the first times that being an African American disadvantaged her. As she grew older and more involved as an activist for equality, her business as a newspaper company, <em>State Press</em>, came under frequent boycotting. These obstacles seemed to fuel Daisy’s passion for justice even more. When faced with an obstacle, she didn’t back off or give up, she threw her whole being into dismantling the injustice and doing so in a way that would send ripples throughout history for her daring to change the norm. <br /><br />A significant event of the Civil Rights Movement was the Supreme Court case, <em>Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka </em>(1954). This case determined that the segregation by skin color was unconstitutional in schools, striking down the previous case that had shaped state and federal laws, <em>Plessy v. Ferguson </em>(1896), which stated segregation was allowed as long as the groups were treated equally. The implications of <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em> were widespread, tumultuous, and contributed to the movement in America that fought for the equality of people of color. Though the court case changed the laws of the land, application was difficult and long in coming. To begin desegregating schools, especially of the progressively stagnant southern states, a leader was needed to organize, implement, and follow through with the plans. Such a person was found in Daisy Bates, a woman who dared to change the social climate for nine students of color to become enrolled at an all-white institute, Central High School, in Little Rock, Arkansas. <br /><br />Why was this school so important? The integration of Central High School could fill many textbooks with the layers of its complexity. Due to it being the very first school to become desegregated since <em>Brown v. Board of Education</em> three years previous was decided, there was a plan set in place to integrate nine students of color into the school, and to make sure they were safe going to and from the institution. Daisy Bates’ house became the official meeting place for the students prior to attending school and before returning home. She was active in ensuring the safety of the nine students. The world needed a strong person to champion this cause and Daisy Bates was the woman who fit the job description. Because she successfully integrated the nine students into Central High School, it became an example of a school desegregation. This was the beginning of other schools following suit, though there were many other struggles that came with this movement (Jacoway, 2007). <br /><br />Most well known for her spearheading of the Little Rock desegregation, Daisy Bates was involved long afterwards in the social justice movement. She was a prominent speaker at rallies and conferences and a true leader. Heavily involved especially during the Civil Rights Movement, including working with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. on the Southern Christian Leadership Conference executive committee. When former President Lyndon B. Johnson was in office, she was a part of the anti-poverty programs. Even after suffering a stroke in 1959, she remained involved in her local community, in bettering different parts of their town such as the streets and sewage system. She passed away on November 4, 1999, after a long and full life of campaigning for human rights.
Bibliography
Calloway-Thomas, Carolyn and Thurmon Garner, “Daisy Bates and the Little Rock School Crisis: Forging the Way” <em>Journal of Black Studies</em>, Vol. 26, No. 5, Special Issue: The Voices of African American Women in the Civil Rights Movement (May 1996), 616-628.<br /><br />Jacoway, Elizabeth. <em>Turn Away Thy Son</em>. Free Press, Simon & Schuster, 2007.<br /><br />Reed, Linda. “The Legacy of Daisy.” T<em>he Arkansas Historical Quarterly, </em>Vol. 59, No. 1 (Spring, 2000), 76-83.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Daisy Bates
Description
An account of the resource
A lead activist in the desegregation of Little Rock high school
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Hosanna Nelson
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Photo Credit: Wikipedai
daisy bates
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Other
Description
An account of the resource
The "other" collection highlights the many women who are not easily defined by a single category--they may include female athletes or military personnel. They are women who encourage us to dream of a more equitable tomorrow through their actions to integrate various areas of society.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
May 11, 1906
Birthplace
Muscogee, Florida, United States of America
Death Date
August 9, 1980
Occupation
Aviator
Biographical Text
Lt. Col. Jackie Cochran was one of the nation's leading female aviators and the leader of the Women Air Service Pilots of WWII. Growing up in poverty, Cochran worked numerous jobs to help her family survive. Her work as a beautician ultimately led to her career in flight. In 1932, she met millionaire financier, Floyd Bostwick Odlum, who advised her that she would need wings to beat her competition. Cochran learned to fly that summer. "At that moment, when I paid for my first lesson," Cochran remembered later, "a beauty operator ceased to exist and an aviator was born." (<a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/peopleevents/pandeAMEX01.html">PBS, American Experience </a>In 1934, she entered her first air race, MacRobertson Air Race. By 1935, she was friends with Amelia Earhart, owned a successful cosmetics firm, and was the first woman to enter the Bendix Air Race. By 1937, she had won first place in the women's division of Bendix, was the first woman to make a blind landing, and was awarded the first of 15 Clifford Burke Harmon International Trophies for outstanding woman flyer of the year. In 1938, she took first place in the Bendix and received the General Willie E. Mitchell Memorial Award as the person who make the greatest contribution to aviation that year.) <br /><br /><p>With World War II in its infancy, Jackie Cochran wrote Eleanor Roosevelt to suggest that female pilots be used in the war; she also approached General Hap Arnold, but was dismissed. In 1940, Cochran broke the speed record. General Arnold seeing no abatement to the war and recognizing Jackie's persistence and superior aviation skills sent her to England to study women pilots flying with the Royal Air Force. Cochran returned and was given permission to organize a Woman's Flying Unit; she was appointed its director in 1942. In 1943, Cochran was appointed to the U.S. Army Air Force staff as Director of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP). Very few women were chosen to be a part of this elite group, though thousands enlisted to join. Out of 25,000 applicants, 1,074 women pilots completed their flight training (Cornelsen). Women in the WASPs had to be no shorter than 5ft 2 ½ in tall, no younger than 18 ½ years old, and have flown no fewer than 200 hours (Pope). Jackie Cochran wanted the WASPs to be trained like the men in the Airforce so once the women made it into the program they had to endure 200 hours of flight lessons and 400 hours of ground school (<em>Fly Girls</em>). Her dedication to making sure these women were trained the same as men and were prepared for all situations made this group of approximately 1000 pilots an elite force. The women test-flew every plane that came off the assembly line, as well as flew planes for target practice. The WASPs flew more than 60 million miles and over 77 different types of military aircrafts for the Airforce (Cornelsen). Thirty-eight of these women gave their lives for their country having never left U.S. air space. Between September 1942 and December 1944, WASPs delivered 12,650 aircraft of 78 different types.</p>
Cochran continued to win awards and set records after the war's end. In 1953, she became the first woman to break the sound barrier. From 1959-1963, she was the first female president of the Federation Aeronautique Internationale. In the early 1960s, Cochran was involved in efforts to test the ability of women to be astronauts. She retired from the Air Force in 1969, but continued working as a consultant to NASA. Her other achievements include being inducted into numerous Halls of Fame, an unsuccessful (but close) race for the Californian Congress, and over two hundred records.
Bibliography
<p>Carl, Ann B. <em>A WASP Among Eagles: A Woman Military Test Pilot in World War II.</em> (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1999).</p>
<p>Cornelsen, Kathleen. "Women Airforce Service Pilots of World War II: Military Aviation, Encountering Discrimination, and Exchanging Traditional Roles in Service to America ." <em>Journal of Women's History</em>, Winter 2005.<br /><br /><em>Fly Girls</em>. Directed by Laurel Ladevich. By Laurel Ladevich. Performed by Mary McDonnell, Kathy Soucie, and Paul Tibbets. PBS.org. 1999. <em><a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/filmmore/webcredits.html">http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/filmmore/webcredits.html.men</a><br /><br /></em>Kamps, Charles Tustin. "The WASPs." <em>Air & Space Power Journal</em>, (Summer 2013). <br /><br />Langley, Wanda.<em> <em>Flying Higher: The Women </em>Airforce Service Pilots of World War II</em>. (North Haven, Connecticut: Linnet Books, 2002).</p>
Noggle, Anne. <em>For God, Country, and the Thrill of It: Women Air Force Service Pilots in World War II.</em> (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1990).<br /><br /><p>Pope, Victoria. "Flight of the WASP." <em>American Heritage</em>, (Spring 2009).</p>
<br />Primary Sources: <a href="http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/research/online_documents/jacqueline_cochran.html">Eisenhower Presidential Library</a><br /><p>Cochran, Jacqueline, and Maryann Bucknum Brinley. <em>Jackie Cochran: An Autobiography</em>. New York, NY: Bantam Books, 1987.</p>
<a href="http://www.wingsacrossamerica.us/wasp/gallery/index.htm">WASP Gallery</a> (includes digitized artifacts and primary sources)<br /><br />
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jacqueline Cochran
Subject
The topic of the resource
Aviation/Military
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French and Brooke Haut
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: open source images
Description
An account of the resource
Founder of the Women’s Airforce Service Pilots
aviation
aviator
Jackie Cochran
Jacqueline Cochrane
WASP
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local (Michigan)
Description
An account of the resource
Local role models provide us with people to look to as we aspire to fulfill our dreams. Sometimes, they might inspire us to achieve goals that we had never thought could be accomplished. The local collection honors those women in Michigan who dared to be different. Some of these women integrated male-dominated fields, like firefighting, while others dared to change law, lead businesses, forward higher education, or fight for social justice. These women help shape our dreams and give Michiganians someone local to provide inspiration.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1918
Birthplace
Minnesota, United States of America
Death Date
2011
Occupation
Environmentalist
Biographical Text
Mary Sinclair (nee Palcich) had a career at the Library of Congress before moving to Midland, MI to work as a technical researcher at the Dow Chemical Company. Her career also included work as a technical writer for the Atomic Energy Commission. In the late 1960s, she opposed a nuclear power plant on the shores of Lake Michigan. Although she lost that battle, she won a fight for environmental safety when stood against a nuclear power plant in Midland, MI. The debate divided the community, but Sinclair continued on. She even debated nuclear power safety with the Vice-President of Consumers Power Co. in 1974. Originally, Consumers had projected that a nuclear power plant to supply energy to Dow Chemical Co. would cost $257 million and be completed in 1972, but the completion date and cost continued to rise. (<em>Midland Daily News</em>, January 15, 2011) Her efforts to raise awareness about Midland's proposed nuclear power plant inspired lasting dedication to protect the environment through the creation of <a href="http://lonetreecouncil.com/">Lone Tree Council</a>. According to Terry Miller (an inaugural member of the group): "Mary raised everyone's consciousness with her grasp of the technical problems, and the human and environmental threats posed by the facility." After her talk, several members including Terry stayed around and decided to march in formal protest--that group inaugurated the Lone Tree Council. Over 5000 people showed up to the 1979 march, including Michael Moore's Huron Alliance. In a conservative community like Midland, this was a major coup. The battle for environmental justice was won when, in 1984, Dow Chemical "abandoned the nuclear reactor site after $4.1 billion and 17 years of effort." (<em>New York Times</em>, December 8, 1992) <br /><br />Sinclair was honored as one of Ms. Magazine's "Twelve Women of the Year" (1984). She earned the honor of being inducted into Michigan's Women's Hall of Fame, as well as being profiled on CBS' "60 Minutes" in 1985. Sinclair taught an Energy and the Environment course at the University of Michigan from 1973-1978. She earned her Ph.D. in Environmental Communications from that university at the age of 75. Sinclair was persecuted for her beliefs, but is a shining example of how one woman can make a difference.
Bibliography
Breton, Mary Jo. <em>Women Pioneers for the Environment.</em> (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1998). <br /><br />Garland, Anne Witte. <em>Women Activists: Challenging the Abuse of Power</em>. (New York: Feminist Press: City University of New York, 1988).<br /><br /><a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/renee-parsons/no-nukes-and-intervening-women_b_1425733.html">Parsons, Renee. "No Nukes and Intervening Women," <em>Huffington Post</em>, April 16, 2012.</a><br /><br /><a href="http://bentley.umich.edu/legacy-support/conservation/activism.php">Sinclair, Mary. Papers. Bentley Library. Ann Arbor, MI.</a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/08/business/battling-nuclear-waste-in-michigan.html">Wald, Matthew. "Battling Nuclear Waste in Michigan," <em>New York Times</em>, December 8, 1992.</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mary Sinclair
Subject
The topic of the resource
Environmental Activism
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
environment
mary sinclair
midland
nuclear power
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local (Michigan)
Description
An account of the resource
Local role models provide us with people to look to as we aspire to fulfill our dreams. Sometimes, they might inspire us to achieve goals that we had never thought could be accomplished. The local collection honors those women in Michigan who dared to be different. Some of these women integrated male-dominated fields, like firefighting, while others dared to change law, lead businesses, forward higher education, or fight for social justice. These women help shape our dreams and give Michiganians someone local to provide inspiration.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1905
Birthplace
Blanchard, Michigan, USA
Death Date
1996
Occupation
Scholar and diplomat
Biographical Text
Born in Blanchard, Michigan, Merze Tate moved from home at the age of 15 and worked as a domestic servant to attend and graduate from high school in 1922. An excellent student, she was the first African American to win the Hinman Oratorical Contest (1921) for her speech, The Negro in the World War. A quote from the speech gives insight into race relations in early 20th century America, "Over two million blacks from Africa, Asia, and America fought for democracy [in that conflict]. Many fought like tigers and became heroes. Whole regiments were decorated for bravery. They died with honor, but they still gained little reward for their service. I plead with this audience and the rest of America to give the Negro race proper recognition. Please forget the differences between white and colored. Respect the Negro's good qualities." (Bernard-Hollins, <em>Michigan History</em>, November/December 2014, p. 36)<br /><br />After saving money for tuition, Tate graduated from Kalamazoo's Western State Normal School (1927), but due to her race she could not find a teaching job in Michigan. She ended up teaching at a segregated school in Indianapolis. During summers, she earned a Master's degree from Columbia University's Teachers Colllege. With funds from a scholarship, Tate then moved to England (1931) and attended Oxford University. By this time, Tate spoke five languages and was fluent in German. She attended classes at the University of Berlin for a while, but left Germany when Hitler became president (she had heard him speak before and was concerned with his sentiments). She returned to England and was the first African American to graduate from Oxford University (Bachelor's degree in Social Studies, 1935). After returning to the States, Tate earned a Ph.D. in Political Sceince from Radcliffe College (1941); she was the first black female to earn that degree. <br /><br />Tate worked in varioius positions in academia throughout her doctoral program. During that time, she wrote two academically acclaimed books, <em>The Disarmament Illusion: The Movement for a Limitation of Armaments to 1907</em> (New York:MacMillan ad Co., 1942) and T<em>he United States and Armaments</em> (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1948). <br /><br />In 1948, she was one of three Americans who represented America at the United Nations' Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization. As a result of a Fulbright Scholarship in 1950, she became a traveling scholar in international affairs. A prolific writer, the U.S. State Department commissioned her to write travelogues of the places that she visited. Tate won many awards for her scholarship and published many books and dozens of articles. She used her personal experiences in diplomacy to teach students about foreign affairs. Tate died in 1996 and was buried in her home town. Her legacy speaks to the power of education as a passport to success.
Bibliography
Bernard-Hollins, Sonya. "Merze Tate: Citizen of the World." <em>Michigan History</em>, November/December 2014, 35-39.<br /><br /><a href="http://hall.michiganwomen.org/honoree.php?C=248&A=253~20~114~96~172~79~2~62~238~113~263~271~46~280~80~272~3~152~167~74~138~63~92~196~4~242~32~84~48~229~153~231~192~41~129~82~69~109~42~254~93~97~56~175~281~103~273~13~249~260~207~21~126~104~230~5~288~98~131~27~53~38~195~282~139~239~219~106~57~22~147~58~274~107~127~6~255~173~144~286~85~17~148~250~47~261~208~228~49~221~251~43~205~135~168~256~181~33~115~232~176~23~14~75~169~130~162~44~198~204~99~7~118~119~8~136~275~222~50~227~15~157~65~150~108~24~154~170~163~76~9~209~283~110~140~70~264~276~59~155~265~16~158~156~241~60~182~191~257~116~190~28~164~243~125~160~197~279~86~270~193~223~29~266~134~39~159~111~61~177~132~87~52~199~54~35~210~211~64~112~200~183~165~277~245~284~258~100~10~122~71~267~262~240~77~51~94~120~11~259~36~25~244~224~151~178~55~287~88~45~184~128~72~246~78~171~268~233~121~141~180~206~189~269~73~235~123~83~89~145~18~66~26~237~30~212~188~142~220~90~19~40~161~218~133~81~247~225~67~37~248~146~217~91~143~12~236~31~68~1~213~101~117~214~174~102~285~226~278~137~185~124~234~95~216~166~187">Michigan Women's Hall of Fame.</a><br /><br />Tate, Merze. "Australia and Self-Determination for New Guinea." <em>The Australian Journal of Politics and History</em> 17 (August 1971): 246-59.<br /><br />_____. "Recent Constitutional Developments in Papua and New Guinea." <em>Pacific Affairs</em> 44 (Fall 1971): 421-27.<br /><br />_____. <em>Hawaii: Reciprocity Or Annexation</em> ( Michigan State University Press, 1968).<br /><br />_____. <em>The United States and the Hawaiian Kingdom: A Political History</em> (New Haven, 1965).<br /><br />_____. <em>The United States and Armaments</em> (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1948).<br /><br />_____. <em>The Disarmament Illusion: The Movement for a Limitation of Armaments to 1907</em> (New York:MacMillan ad Co., 1942).<br /><br />Tate was interviewed for the "Black Women Oral History Project," (The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress).
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Vernie Merze Tate
Subject
The topic of the resource
Foreign Affairs Scholar
Description
An account of the resource
Vernie Merze Tate was an African American scholar of international affairs.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
African American scholar
education
foreign affairs
international affairs
Michigan
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local (Michigan)
Description
An account of the resource
Local role models provide us with people to look to as we aspire to fulfill our dreams. Sometimes, they might inspire us to achieve goals that we had never thought could be accomplished. The local collection honors those women in Michigan who dared to be different. Some of these women integrated male-dominated fields, like firefighting, while others dared to change law, lead businesses, forward higher education, or fight for social justice. These women help shape our dreams and give Michiganians someone local to provide inspiration.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1821
Birthplace
Germany
Death Date
1906
Occupation
Midwife
Biographical Text
Anna Margaretha Auer was an orphan who studied at the Loehe Institute in Neuendettelsau, Germany before emigrating to the United States and becoming one of the founding families of Frankenmuth, Michigan. She married John Picklemann on the ship over to the United States in 1845. Thirteen years after Picklemann's death, she married another founding member of the town, Johann Georg List. She gave birth to ten children, as well as oversaw the births of 61 of her 62 grandchildren. In all, Auer delivered more than 800 babies and never lost a mother or child. Her obituary described her as a "most lovable woman, highly educated, with a kindly disposition, and was loved and respected by all especially the sick, to whom she was a ministering Angel, having been called to their bedsides when medical men of any description were scarce in the wilderness, and as the years passed became noted as a midwife." (Death of a Pioneer, <em>The Frankenmuth News</em>, October 18, 1906)
Bibliography
For historical information on midwifery, see Laural Thatcher Ulrich "<em>A Midwife's Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard based on her diary, 1785–1812</em>." (Vintage Books, Random House Publishers, 1991).
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Anna Margaretha Auer Picklemann List
Subject
The topic of the resource
Midwifery
Description
An account of the resource
First midwife in Frankenmuth, Michigan
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Ancestry.com
frankenmuth founder
midwife
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Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Bit Depth
8
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3
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979
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local (Michigan)
Description
An account of the resource
Local role models provide us with people to look to as we aspire to fulfill our dreams. Sometimes, they might inspire us to achieve goals that we had never thought could be accomplished. The local collection honors those women in Michigan who dared to be different. Some of these women integrated male-dominated fields, like firefighting, while others dared to change law, lead businesses, forward higher education, or fight for social justice. These women help shape our dreams and give Michiganians someone local to provide inspiration.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1948
Birthplace
Iowa City, Iowa, USA
Occupation
College president
Biographical Text
Jean Goodnow, Ph.D., is the first female college president in the mid-Michigan region. Growing up on her grandparent's farm in Iowa, Jean Goodnow learned a strong work ethic and compassion for others. Her Grandma and Grandpa Kinney were strong role models. Her grandma always saw the good in people and worked to promote their good traits; her grandpa was a strong and quiet man and Goodnow would help him keep the farm going. Her grandparents were extremely influential in her life, as they reinforced the importance of education and encouraged her to accomplish her goals. Goodnow has an impressive academic career; she earned a BA, MA, and Ph.D. from the University of Iowa, a certificate in Presidential Leadership from Harvard University, and has attended numerous professional development seminars, workshops, and conferences. Goodnow's academic track record was one of continual education. She worked the entire time that she was going to school. When she made "one of the best decisions" she has ever made and gave birth to her son, John, she was working full-time and completing her comprehensive exams for a Ph.D.in Higher Education Administration.
As a woman coming of age during the Women's Rights Movement of the 1960s and 1970s, Goodnow faced sexual discrimination. She worked in factories during the summers of her undergraduate degree and earned a full $2 less per hour than her male co-workers. Goodnow would not let gender discrimination stand in her way though and went on to help other young women find a career path that suited them. With a Bachelor's degree in Sociology, Goodnow started her post-baccalaureate life working at a rehabilitation center to help emotionally challenged individuals find a career path in which they would thrive. It was while working there that she started a Master's degree program in Rehabilitation Counseling. She left the center to work with women on government assistance to evaluate their career potential. It was in this position that she first had the opportunity to work with a community college—an experience that would change her life and put her on the higher education trajectory. The president of Kirkwood Community College asked her to work as their Rehabilitation Counselor; she had a challenging case load of 300 students, but was successful in writing grants and moving forward to help Kirkwood establish a developmental education program, competency-based curriculum (which gained national attention), experiential learning, and other programs. Goodnow left administration and went into a faculty position, although she had taught while in her other roles. She left Kirkwood when she was recruited to become the Dean of Students at a three-college district in Iowa. She was then recruited to be a Vice-President at North Iowa Community College. At that point, she knew that she wanted to be community college president. Her goal was achieved in the mid-1990s when she became the first female president at Illinois Valley Community College. When she heard that a position for President of Delta College was open, she applied and successfully obtained the position becoming the first female college president in the mid-Michigan area.
Bibliography
<p><a href="http://wihe.com/">Women In Higher Education website</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.aacu.org/ocww/volume41_1/data.cfm?printer_friendly=1">Diversity at the Top: The American College President 2012</a></p>
<p>Jana Nidiffer and Carolyn Terry Bashaw, eds., <em>Women Administrators in Higher Education: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives</em> (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2001).</p>
<p>Mimi Wolverton, Beverly Bower, and Adrienne Hyle, <em>Women at the Top: What Women University and College Presidents Say About Effective Leadership</em> (Stylus Publishing, 2008).</p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jean Goodnow
Subject
The topic of the resource
Higher education president
Description
An account of the resource
First female college president in the mid-Michigan area
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Delta College
college president
higher education
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Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
Bit Depth
8
Channels
3
Height
255
Width
200
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Local (Michigan)
Description
An account of the resource
Local role models provide us with people to look to as we aspire to fulfill our dreams. Sometimes, they might inspire us to achieve goals that we had never thought could be accomplished. The local collection honors those women in Michigan who dared to be different. Some of these women integrated male-dominated fields, like firefighting, while others dared to change law, lead businesses, forward higher education, or fight for social justice. These women help shape our dreams and give Michiganians someone local to provide inspiration.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1870
Birthplace
Erie, Pennsylvania, USA
Death Date
1953
Occupation
Physician
Biographical Text
Longstreet was one of the first (if not <em>the</em> first) female doctors in Saginaw, Michigan. Longstreet grew up in Saginaw and received training as a nurse there, graduating in 1893. Hospital officials encouraged her to study medicine and she graduated with honors from the University of Illinois Medical School in 1904. She was one of 19 women and 200 men in her class. Dr. Longstreet built a sizable general practice in Saginaw, but preferred to specialize in pediatrics. For many years, she was the only staff physician at Saginaw's Children's Hospital. Her patients remembered fondly how she carried candy in her medical bag and how mysterious packages of food and clothing would show up at an indigent patient's house after she made a house call. In 1921, Dr. Longstreet decided to specialize in children only and did postgraduate work in pediatrics in New York City, while attending summer sessions at Harvard University. Dr. Longstreet was also dedicated to the advancement of women and helped coordinate social service groups in Saginaw, founded Saginaw's YWCA, and created a home for girls and one for the aged. She was nominated as Michigan's Outstanding Woman of 1938 and was the first woman to receive Saginaw's highest civic award, Outstanding Citizen of the Year (1940).
Bibliography
<p><em>Saginaw Hall of Fame</em>, biographical sketches by Ed Miller and Jean Beach, published by The Saginaw Hall of Fame, 2000.</p>
<p><a href="http://hall.michiganwomen.org/honoree.php?C=162&A=253~20~114~96~172~79~2~62~238~113~263~271~46~280~80~272~3~152~167~74~138~63~92~196~4~242~32~84~48~229~153~231~192~41~129~82~69~109~42~254~93~97~56~175~281~103~273~13~249~260~207~21~126~104~230~5~288~98~131~27~53~38~195~282~139~239~219~106~57~22~147~58~274~107~127~6~255~173~144~286~85~17~148~250~47~261~208~228~49~221~251~43~205~135~168~256~181~33~115~232~176~23~14~75~169~130~162~44~198~204~99~7~118~119~8~136~275~222~50~227~15~157~65~150~108~24~154~170~163~76~9~209~283~110~140~70~264~276~59~155~265~16~158~156~241~60~182~191~257~116~190~28~164~243~125~160~197~279~86~270~193~223~29~266~134~39~159~111~61~177~132~87~52~199~54~35~210~211~64~112~200~183~165~277~245~284~258~100~10~122~71~267~262~240~77~51~94~120~11~259~36~25~244~224~151~178~55~287~88~45~184~128~72~246~78~171~268~233~121~141~180~206~189~269~73~235~123~83~89~145~18~66~26~237~30~212~188~142~220~90~19~40~161~218~133~81~247~225~67~37~248~146~217~91~143~12~236~31~68~1~213~101~117~214~174~102~285~226~278~137~185~124~234~95~216~166~187">Michigan's Women's Hall of Fame</a>, Lansing, Michigan.</p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Martha Longstreet
Subject
The topic of the resource
Medicine
Description
An account of the resource
First recorded female doctor in Saginaw, Michigan
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Michigan Women's Hall of Fame
doctor
first
pediatrician
physician