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                  <text>Local role models provide us with people to look to as we aspire to fulfill our dreams.  Sometimes, they might inspire us to achieve goals that we had never thought could be accomplished. The local collection honors those women in Michigan who dared to be different.  Some of these women integrated male-dominated fields, like firefighting, while others dared to change law, lead businesses, forward higher education, or fight for social justice. These women help shape our dreams and give Michiganians someone local to provide inspiration.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Dr. Agnes Wells was a Saginaw-born woman who was one of the nation's leading educators and an ardent support of women's equal rights. After being a principal in a high school in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and then at teacher of mathematics at Duluth High School, Wells became a faculty member at the University of Michigan in 1917. She was also the dean of women for two years. Wells left U of M to serve as Dean of Women at Indiana University and taught mathematics and astronomy after retiring from her administrative post. She founded a $1 million fellowship fund for the American Association of University Women and also belonged to the American Association of Deans of Women, and the American Association of University Professors. In 1949, she became chair of the National Woman's Party. The NWP had fought successfully for a constitutional amendment enfranchising women and after passage of the 19&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; amendment sought an Equal Rights Amendment. Upon reading a newspaper editorial which advised women that the 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; amendment doesn't mention sex (it does mention persons), she reportedly replied, "Women  are persons, aren't they?" (&lt;em&gt;Saginaw Hall of Fame&lt;/em&gt;, 2000).&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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&lt;p&gt;Link to archival collection on Wells: &lt;a href="http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00957"&gt;http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00957&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Aleda Lutz was the first American woman to die in combat in World War II. She was born in Freeland, Michigan (a rural town adjacent to Saginaw) and graduated as a nurse from the Saginaw General Hospital School of Nursing in 1937. Soon after receiving her degree though, the world broke out in war. For the first time, women were being called on to do duties that never before had been considered appropriate for their sex. They worked as riveters, mechanics, pilots, and much more. In 1942, Lutz enlisted in the Army Nurse Corps. She was trained in the Aerial Evacuation Service, which revolutionized military medical care by providing flying ambulances controlled by flight nurses. The service (arm of the US Air Force) saved the lives of many wounded soldiers by staffing the planes with flight nurses and getting the wounded to hospitals far from the front lines. When the Allies invaded North Africa in February of 1943, Lutz was sent to Tunisia to evacuate the wounded troops. She went on to save soldiers at the invasion of Anzio, Italy. In 1944, Lutz was transferred from Italy to southern France to evacuate wounded soldiers from the Allied invasion campaign. On November 1, 1944, she was flying patients from the front lines to a hospital in Italy when severe storms downed the plane. She died at the age of 28. At the time of her death, Lutz had flown 196 missions and evacuated over 3500 men. In all, about 500 flight nurses served as members of the medical air evacuation squadrons. Of the 1,176,048 patients that these women evacuated, only 46 died en route. Seventeen flight nurses lost their lives during the war. Lutz was awarded the Air Medal with four Oak Leaf Clusters. Posthumously, she was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross with six oak leaf clusters, the first honor of its kind made to an army nurse in WWII. In 1945, a US Army hospital ship was named after her and, in 1990, the Saginaw Veterans Hospital was rededicated in her name. A stele marks the crash site near Doizieux, France, which notes that Lutz was the first American woman who died in action during WWII.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://www.aerosteles.net/fiche.php?code=doizieux-c47&amp;amp;lang=en"&gt;Picture of stele that marks her crash site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://miwf.org/timeline/aleda-e-lutz/" title="Michigan Women's Hall of Fame"&gt;Michigan Women's Hall of Fame&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Saginaw Hall of Fame&lt;/em&gt;, biographical sketches by Ed Miller and Jean Beach, published by The Saginaw Hall of Fame, 2000. Inducted in 1993.</text>
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              <text>Anna Margaretha Auer was an orphan who studied at the Loehe Institute in Neuendettelsau, Germany before emigrating to the United States and becoming one of the founding families of Frankenmuth, Michigan. She married John Picklemann on the ship over to the United States in 1845. Thirteen years after Picklemann's death, she married another founding member of the town, Johann Georg List. She gave birth to ten children, as well as oversaw the births of 61 of her 62 grandchildren. In all, Auer delivered more than 800 babies and never lost a mother or child. Her obituary described her as a "most lovable woman, highly educated, with a kindly disposition, and was loved and respected by all especially the sick, to whom she was a ministering Angel, having been called to their bedsides when medical men of any description were scarce in the wilderness, and as the years passed became noted as a midwife." (Death of a Pioneer, &lt;em&gt;The Frankenmuth News&lt;/em&gt;, October 18, 1906)</text>
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              <text>Anne R. Davidow, a graduate of the University of Detroit Law School, went before the US Supreme Court to represent the plaintiffs in Goesaert v. Cleary (1948).  The case involved Michigan barmaids fighting for civil rights against a 1945 Michigan law that banned female bartending in cities with a population of over 50,000, unless their husband or father owned the bar (Michigan Public Act 133, 1945).  Davidow made the argument that sex discrimination violated women's constitutional rights by denying them equal protection and treatment under the 14th amendment of the US Constitution.  The barmaids lost, but after continuous fighting the law was overturned.  Davidow was no stranger to fighting for equal rights; she had advocated for women's suffrage atop soap boxes at factory gates.  One of only four female graduates in her law school class of 1920, Davidow gained the right to vote the same year she passed the bar examination.  An active feminist and lifelong member of the National Association for Women Lawyers, she once stated, “I was quite radical in the sense that I couldn’t see any reason a woman couldn’t do anything a man could do.” ("Longtime Lawyer," Detroit Free Press, June 25, 1991.)  No stranger to the labor movement, Davidow had served as co-counsel to Walter, Victor, and Roy Reuther, leaders of the United Automobile Workers in its early years. She fought for social justice her entire life.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Cora M. Brown Papers, Burton Historical Collection, Detroit Public Library.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Victoria W. Wolcott, &lt;em&gt;Remaking Respectability: African-American Women in Interwar Detroit &lt;/em&gt;(University of North Carolina Press, 2001).&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Cora Mae Reynolds was the first Native American woman elected to Michigan's House of Representatives. Of Ojibwe descent, she is thought to be the only Native American woman to have served in Michigan's legislature as of 2014. Born in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Reynolds decided to become a teacher. After attending public schools in the area, she then went to the Haskell Institute in Lawrence, Kansas to study. After her training was completed, she returned to the Upper Peninsula and taught in the local school system.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cora Reynolds married Charles Anderson in 1903; the couple ran a local hotel in L'Anse, Michigan. "Anderson's desire to improve the lot of those less fortunate led her to take up a new cause: establishing a public health service for Baraga County." (Majher, &lt;em&gt;Michigan History&lt;/em&gt;, 47) She was particularly interested in alcoholism and other public health issues, such as tuberculosis. In 1925, she ran for the Michigan House of Representatives. She served one term from 1925-1926. During that time, "she was appointed chair of the committee overseeing the Industrial Home for Girls." (Mahjer, 47) Anderson continued to promote the public health by sponsoring acts to regulate sanitation practices. Representing her Native American constituency, she championed fishing rights on Huron Bay. After a redistricting caused Reynolds to lose her position, she joined the Michigan Grange, where she "quickly rose through the ranks to become an officer of the organization, respresenting the U.P. with distinction." (Mahjer, 48) In 2001, her life's work was honored when she was inducted into the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame.</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;Deborah Stephens was the first female firefighter in the Saginaw Valley region.  Stephens faced a lot of challenges being the first female fire fighter. She first joined the Saginaw Fire Department because it looked like a good and interesting job. Having taken a degree from Mississippi State University, she wasn't able to find a full-time teaching job in the area and had worked in various fields.  When she joined the department, a &lt;em&gt;Saginaw News&lt;/em&gt; reporter quoted her as saying that all she wanted to do was fight fires, not carry a torch for equal rights." (&lt;em&gt;Saginaw News&lt;/em&gt;, 2/20/1990) Asked about that statement in 2014, Stephens said that she was happy to have represented females well. That she always tried to set a good standard through continuous improvement and keeping up a good image. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Although an educated and hard-working professional, it was difficult for Stephens to fit into the boys club.  As she stated in a 2014 interview, "It doesn't matter how you try to fit in, there is always someone who thinks you should be at home baking cookies." Resentment of her hiring as a result of affirmative action marked the beginning of her career.  Physically and mentally, Stephens knew she could do the job, but had to counter those who thought that women weren't strong enough or wouldn't be able to handle the horrors of the job. She stated that she wasn't afraid  to do the job, but she was appropriately "cautious"—a good trait in a person who is running into a burning building where other people's lives are at stake. Even though she had all the proper training, she know that she had to "try harder" than a man would. At the time that she was hired, she told a &lt;em&gt;Saginaw News&lt;/em&gt; reporter, "I'm  going to have to prove myself every day. But whatever I do, I try to do my best." (&lt;em&gt;Saginaw News&lt;/em&gt;, 2/20/1990) Doing her best was exactly what Stephens did and earned her a life-long career on the fire department and promotion in 2005 to the officer position of lieutenant. After twenty-two years on the department, she retired. The door that she opened continues to help women. When Ona Hoard became the first female captain in the area, she credited Stephens' mentorship. Women like Deborah Stephens remind us how important it is to have role models and that more women need to continue to integrate the firefighting profession so that young girls have a picture of who they want to emulate and someone to help show them the ropes.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Jean Goodnow, Ph.D., is the first female college president in the mid-Michigan region. Growing up on her grandparent's farm in Iowa, Jean Goodnow learned a strong work ethic and compassion for others. Her Grandma and Grandpa Kinney were strong role models. Her grandma always saw the good in people and worked to promote their good traits; her grandpa was a strong and quiet man and Goodnow would help him keep the farm going. Her grandparents were extremely influential in her life, as they reinforced the importance of education and encouraged her to accomplish her goals. Goodnow has an impressive academic career; she earned a BA, MA, and Ph.D. from the University of Iowa, a certificate in Presidential Leadership from Harvard University, and has attended numerous professional development seminars, workshops, and conferences. Goodnow's academic track record was one of continual education. She worked the entire time that she was going to school. When she made "one of the best decisions" she has ever made and gave birth to her son, John, she was working full-time and completing her comprehensive exams for a Ph.D.in Higher Education Administration.&#13;
&#13;
As a woman coming of age during the Women's Rights Movement of the 1960s and 1970s, Goodnow faced sexual discrimination. She worked in factories during the summers of her undergraduate degree and earned a full $2 less per hour than her male co-workers. Goodnow would not let gender discrimination stand in her way though and went on to help other young women find a career path that suited them. With a Bachelor's degree in Sociology, Goodnow started her post-baccalaureate life working at a rehabilitation center to help emotionally challenged individuals find a career path in which they would thrive. It was while working there that she started a Master's degree program in Rehabilitation Counseling. She left the center to work with women on government assistance to evaluate their career potential. It was in this position that she first had the opportunity to work with a community college—an experience that would change her life and put her on the higher education trajectory. The president of Kirkwood Community College asked her to work as their Rehabilitation Counselor; she had a challenging case load of 300 students, but was successful in writing grants and moving forward to help Kirkwood establish a developmental education program, competency-based curriculum (which gained national attention), experiential learning, and other programs. Goodnow left administration and went into a faculty position, although she had taught while in her other roles. She left Kirkwood when she was recruited to become the Dean of Students at a three-college district in Iowa. She was then recruited to be a Vice-President at North Iowa Community College. At that point, she knew that she wanted to be community college president. Her goal was achieved in the mid-1990s when she became the  first female president at Illinois Valley Community College. When she heard that a position for President of Delta College was open, she applied and successfully obtained the position becoming the first female college president in the mid-Michigan area.&#13;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.aacu.org/ocww/volume41_1/data.cfm?printer_friendly=1"&gt;Diversity at the Top: The American College President 2012&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Jana Nidiffer and Carolyn Terry Bashaw, eds., &lt;em&gt;Women Administrators in Higher Education: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives&lt;/em&gt; (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2001).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Mimi Wolverton, Beverly Bower, and Adrienne Hyle, &lt;em&gt;Women at the Top: What Women University and College Presidents Say About Effective Leadership&lt;/em&gt; (Stylus Publishing, 2008).&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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