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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1888
Birthplace
Calumet, Michigan
Death Date
1956
Occupation
Labor organizer
Biographical Text
Anna Clemenc (1888-1956), or "Big Annie" as she was called, was an expert labor organizer who helped shape the labor movement in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. She led Local Woman's Auxiliary No. 15 of the Western Federation of Miners in support of the miners' cause during the 1913-1914 Strike. When the men fought to change their working conditions, Annie was constantly at the front of marches, proudly carrying the flag, using her tall stature (6’2”) to lead the striking men and their supporters. She was arrested and jailed twice for her efforts to help unionize Michigan's Copper Country. Annie also witnessed the tragedy that occurred during a party for striking workers and their families at the Italian Hall on Christmas Eve. Someone falsely yelled “fire” upstairs during the party causing a stampede that killed 73 people, 59 of them children. The violent and, sometimes, deadly strike put Annie in harm's way, but she persevered. Although the miners did not gain the right to unionize, they secured higher wages and a shorter workday. 1913 Italian Hall Tragedy and Annie Woody Guthrie wrote a song titled "1913 Massacre" where he talked about the Italian Hall tragedy where the striking workers were innocently celebrating Christmas with their families on Christmas Eve only to have someone (some say it was the opposing side) yell upstairs to the hall where they were having the party that there was a fire. Annie tried to keep the children and their parents calm, but fear of fire and being trapped on the second story of the building won out. With inadequate means to get out, a stamped occurred and many were trampled to death. Seventy-three people lost their lives that night--59 of them children. Guthrie wrote this song around 1941 when stories about the strike and people who witnessed it were still very much alive. He immortalized Annie in the following lyrics: <br /><div style="text-align:center;">The copper boss' thugs stuck their heads in the door,</div>
<div style="text-align:center;">One of them yelled and he screamed, "there's a fire,"</div>
<div style="text-align:center;">A lady she hollered, "there's no such a thing.</div>
<div style="text-align:center;">Keep on with your party, there's no such thing."</div>
<div style="text-align:center;">(1913 Massacre, Woody Guthrie, @1941)</div>
<br /><a href="https://youtu.be/oz7oguguIZE">Woody's song</a><br /><br /><a href="https://1913massacre.com/about-the-song/">Movie about the song</a> <br /><br /><strong>More media about Annie:</strong> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.nps.gov/kewe/anna-klobuchar-clemenc.htm">National Parks Service Website</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.uppermichiganssource.com/2021/10/10/descendants-big-annie-clemenc-give-calumet-museum-an-addition-her-exhibit/">Calumet Museum Exhibit about Annie</a><br /><br /><a href="https://miwf.org/timeline/anna-clemenc/">Michigan Women's Hall of Fame Website </a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I04FIpH5ywM">Italian Hall Disaster Video</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://www.lawcha.org/2020/12/23/11578/">Annie and her role in the Italian Hall Tragedy Website</a>
Bibliography
<p>Comstock, Lyndon. <em>Annie Clemenc and the Great Keweenaw Copper Strik</em>e. Lyndon Comstock, 2013.</p>
<p>Engle, Diana Paiz. "Standing Tall with Big Annie." <em>Michigan History Magazine</em> 83, no. 4 (July-August 1999): 16-18.</p>
<p>Kirkwood, Shannon. "In Defense of the Home: Working-Class Domesticity and Community Action in the Michigan Copper Country." <em>Michigan Historical Review</em> 43, no. 1 (Spring 2017): 1-27.</p>
<p><em>Historical Fiction</em></p>
<p>Russell, Maria Doria. <em>The Women of the Copper Country</em>. New York: Atria Books, 2020.</p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Anna "Annie" Clemenc
Subject
The topic of the resource
Labor rights
Description
An account of the resource
Michigan labor activist who rallied workers and fought against capitalists so that laborers could sit at the bargaining table
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image Source: http://thelaborhalloffame.org/sites/lihf.wayne.prometheuslabor.com/files/Clemenc.jpg
labor activism
Michigan
socialism
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1939
Birthplace
Alabama, USA
Occupation
Nurse's aide
Biographical Text
Claudette Colvin was born in Montgomery, Alabama. In 1955, at age 15, she stood up against segregation by refusing to give up her seat on a bus. She was arrested on several charges, including violating the city's segregation laws. Her action took place nine months before Rosa Parks did the same thing.
Bibliography
Hoose, Phillip.<em> Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice</em>. (Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2009).
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Claudette Colvin
Subject
The topic of the resource
Civil Rights activism
Description
An account of the resource
At the age of 15, she tried to integrate the bus system and break down segregation
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image Source: Nicole Bengiveno/The New York Times (left) The Montgomery Advertiser, via Melanie Kroupa Books/Farrar, Straus & Giroux (right)
civil rights
Montgomery bus boycott
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1930
Birthplace
Dawson, New Mexico, USA
Occupation
Labor leader and civil rights activist
Biographical Text
Dolores Clara Fernandez was born in 1930 in a small mining town in New Mexico to parents who undoubtedly influenced her later in life. Her mother, Alicia Chavez, was an entrepreneur whom Dolores credits with planting the seeds for her union organizing skills and her feminism. Her father, Juan Fernandez, was a farm worker and miner, who was also a union activist and ran for political office. Her parents divorced when she was a toddler and Dolores was raised in California with her mother. <br /><br />Engaged in community activism in high school, Dolores went to the University of Pacific’s Delta College in Stockton where she earned teaching credentials. She continued that activism after marrying Ralph Head and birthing two daughters by becoming part of the leadership of the Stockton Community Service Organization (CSO). While working the CSO, she founded the Agricultural Workers Association, fought for improvements to Hispanic neighborhoods, and encouraged voter registration. <br /><br />In 1955, she met Cesar Chavez. The two shared a vision for organizing farm workers and they created the National Farm Workers Association in 1962, which became the United Farm Workers Union. <br /><br />Some of Huerta’s accomplishments were: <br />• Coined the phrase, Si, se puede (yes, we can) which inspired President Obama’s campaign slogan <br />• Securing Aid For Dependent Families and disability insurance for farm workers in California in 1963 <br />• Working to enact Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975 (first law of its kind granted farm workers in California right to collectively organize and bargain for better wages and working conditions) <br />• Has helped elect numerous Democratic candidates to office, including Bobby Kennedy, President Clinton, Governor Jerry Brown, and Hillary Clinton <br />• Helped direct the first National Boycott of California Table Grapes <br />• Crossed the country for two years encouraging Latinas to run for office <br />• Served as the National Chair of the 21st Century Party founded on the principles that women make up 52% of the party’s candidates and that officers must reflect that Dolores <br /><br />Huerta has won numerous awards including the highest civilian award in the United States—The Presidential Medal of Freedom. Huerta was an extraordinarily influential advocate for farmworkers, but later in her life she took a leave of absence from labor activism to fight for women's rights. She encouraged Hispanic women to run for political office; her campaign resulted in a significant increase in the numbers of women representatives at local, state, and federal levels. Huerta continues to advocate for women, children, and the working poor.
Bibliography
<p>De Ruiz, Dana Catherine and Richard Larios. <em>La Causa: The Migrant Farmworkers' Story. </em>(Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1992).</p>
<p>Dunne, John Gregory. Delano: <em>The Story of the California Grape Strike</em>. (Farrar, 1976).<br /><br /><a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/09/17/551490281/dolores-huerta-the-civil-rights-icon-who-showed-farmworkers-si-se-puede">Dolores Huerta: Civil Rights Icon</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.nps.gov/people/dolores-huerta.htm">National Parks Service</a><br /><br /><a href="https://www.sites.si.edu/s/topic/0TO36000000L5OBGA0/dolores-huerta-revolution-in-the-fields-revoluci%C3%B3n-en-los-campos">Smithsonian Website</a><br /><br /><a href="https://youtu.be/yWMJDxzbiK0">Video on Huerta</a></p>
<p>Also see, National Women's History Museum: <a href="http://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/dolores-fernandez-huerta/">http://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/dolores-fernandez-huerta/</a></p>
<p>Dolores Huerta Foundation: <a href="http://doloreshuerta.org/dolores-huerta/">http://doloreshuerta.org/dolores-huerta/</a></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Dolores Huerta
Subject
The topic of the resource
Labor and women's rights activism
Description
An account of the resource
Labor activist whose work creating the United Farm Workers Union gave a disenfranchised group of laborers a voice in work relations
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Wiki Commons
civil rights
United Farm Workers
women's rights
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1917
Birthplace
Montgomery County, Mississippi, USA
Death Date
1977
Occupation
Vice-Chair of Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
Biographical Text
Hamer was an civil rights activist in Mississippi. After growing up in poverty and often going hungry as a child, she spent her life in service to issues of segregation and injustice in the south. Much of her work took place within the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, which was comprised mostly of African-American students engaging in acts of civil disobedience. In 1964, Hamer helped found the Mississippi Freedom of Democratic Party. A famous quote from Fannie Lou, made into her epitaph, is “I am sick and tired of being sick and tired.”
Bibliography
<p>Asch, Chris Myers.<em> The Senator and the Sharecropper: the Freedom Struggles of James O. Eastland and Fannie Lou Hamer. </em>(The New Press, 2008).<br />Nash, Jere and Andy Taggart.<em> Mississippi Politics: the Struggle for Power, 1976-2008</em>.(University of Mississippi Press, 2007).</p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Fannie Lou Hamer
Subject
The topic of the resource
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
Description
An account of the resource
Fought for voting rights for African Americans and led change through the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party and her Congressional testimony
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Wiki Commons
civil rights
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
Mississippi Freedom Summer
sharecropping
voting rights
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1862
Birthplace
Holly Springs, Mississippi, USA
Death Date
1931
Occupation
Journalist and editor
Biographical Text
Wells-Barnett was born a slave and rose to become a journalist, newspaper editor, suffragist, and civil rights leader. An activist for civil rights for women and people of color, her writings exposed racial and sexual discrimination. Two of her pamphlets were quite influential, <em>Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Part</em>s and <em>A Red Record, 1892-1894</em>, both of which described lynching and the struggle of black people since emancipation. Her protest influenced the NAACP to take up an anti-lynching campaign. She was actively engaged in women's clubs and formed the Women's Era Club, the first civic organization for African-American women. In 1896, she founded the National Association of Colored Women. A suffragist, she fought to make sure that women of all races secured the vote.
Bibliography
<p>Davidson, James West. <em>'They say': Ida B. Wells and the Reconstruction of Race</em>. (Oxford University Press, 2009).</p>
<p>Schecter, Patricia. <em>Ida B. Wells-Barnett and American Reform, 1880-1930</em>. (University of North Carolina Press, 2001).</p>
<p>The Works of Ida B. Wells-Barnett, Gutenberg Press: <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/authors/w#a5765">http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/authors/w#a5765</a></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Ida Wells-Barnett
Subject
The topic of the resource
Civil rights
Description
An account of the resource
Female editor and inspiration for the anti-lynching campaign of the NAACP
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: photo by Mary Garrity, public domain
anti-lynching
NAACP
National Association of Colored Women
suffrage
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1860
Birthplace
Cedarville, Illinois, USA
Death Date
1935
Occupation
Social worker
Biographical Text
Born Laura Jane Addams, she was the first American woman to be awarded a Nobel Peace Prize, which she was given in 1931. She was best known for her reform efforts, and for being a pioneer in social work. She was also a feminist who took part in the women’s suffrage movement urging politicians to grant women the vote. Addams, with Ellen Gates Starr, started the settlement house movement, which emphasized cultural connections and education. Hull House, Addams' Chicago settlement house, attempted to keep families and communities safe by providing a place for civic, cultural, recreational, and educational activities. Hull House drew noted lecturers and was the center of social reform activity. The Hull House group (including Florence Kelley and Julia Lathrop) became involved in local and state campaigns for better housing, public welfare programs, child labor laws, and labor legislation for women. Deemed by historians as Progressives, these women greatly influenced their municipalities and labor legislation as a whole.
Bibliography
<p>Brown, Victoria Bissell. <em>The Education of Jane Addams</em>. (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003).</p>
<p>Fischer, Marilyn et. al. eds. <em>Jane Addams and the Practice of Democracy</em>. (University of Illinois Press, 2009).</p>
<p><a title="Jane Addams Hull House Site" href="http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/hull_house.html">Jane Addams Hull House Site: http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/hull_house.html</a></p>
<p><a title="Twenty Years at Hull House by Jane Addams" href="http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/addams/hullhouse/hullhouse.html">Twenty Years</a></p>
<p>Harvard University Open Collections on Jane Addams: <a href="http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/addams.html">http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/addams.html</a></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jane Addams
Subject
The topic of the resource
Social work
Description
An account of the resource
Progressive-era reformer who sought to change society through education, labor legislation, and social work
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Wiki Commons
Chicago
Florence Kelley
Hull House
Julia Lathrop
social work
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1997
Birthplace
Mingora, Pakistan
Biographical Text
Yousafzai is a Pakistani girl who became famous for her activism in the fight to allow girls in the Swat region to attend school. In October of 2012, she survived an assassination attempt by the Taliban who attempted to stop her advocacy. She was shot in the head, just above her left eye, while she walked to school. She recovered from the incident and continues to take an active role in the effort for education. She recently formed the Malala Fund to support her efforts to make sure that girls receive education. In 2014, she won the Nobel Peace Prize. She was the youngest person to be nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize.
"I don't want to be remembered as the girl who was shot.. I want to be remembered as the girl who stood up." Malala
"I speak not for myself but for those without voice...those who have fought for their rights...their right to live with peace, their right to be treated with dignity, their right to equality of opportunity, their right to be educated." Malala
Bibliography
United Nations speech, 2013: <a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/video/asia/2013/07/20137126351897418.html">http://www.aljazeera.com/video/asia/2013/07/20137126351897418.html</a>
Occupation
Children's activist, women's right activist
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Malala Yousafzai
Subject
The topic of the resource
Education
Description
An account of the resource
Young woman who works to educate girls in Pakistan
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: White House, public domain
education
Pakistan
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1879
Birthplace
Corning, New York, USA
Death Date
1966
Occupation
Nurse, sex educator
Biographical Text
Sanger was a birth control advocate, sex educator, and nurse. After witnessing high childbirth mortality rates among the working classes and seeing the economic burden that large families placed on the lower-economic classes, she openly advocated that birth control information should be legal. She opened the first birth control clinic in the US , after which she was arrested for distributing contraceptives. Sanger argued that knowledge of birth control would lead to greater social equality. She founded the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.
Bibliography
<p>Baker, Jean H. <em>Margaret Sanger: A Life of Passion</em>, (Macmillan, 2011).</p>
<p>Chesler, Ellen. <em>Woman of Valor: Margaret Sanger and the birth control movement in America</em>. (New York: Simon Schuster, 1992).</p>
<p>Kennedy, David. <em>Birth Control in America: The Career of Margaret Sanger</em>. Yale University Press, 1970).</p>
<p>McCann, Carole Ruth. <em>Birth Control Politics in the United States, 1916–1945</em>. (Cornell University Press, 1994).</p>
<p>Margaret Sanger Papers Project:<a href="http://www.nyu.edu/projects/sanger/">http://www.nyu.edu/projects/sanger/</a></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Margaret Sanger
Subject
The topic of the resource
Birth control
Description
An account of the resource
Nurse who risked her freedom to open birth control clinics and laid the path for reproductive rights
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Library of Congress
birth control
sex education
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Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1837
Birthplace
Cork, Ireland
Death Date
1930
Occupation
Labor organizer
Biographical Text
During the Industrial Revolution of the United States, women were treated as a second class of citizens and workers. They were paid approximately half the wages as men and few were organized into labor unions. Although men were paid better than women, they too suffered long hours, low wages, unsafe conditions, and a system that kept them dependent on their employers. Industrial workers had little, if any, control over work relations. "Mother" Jones, Mary Harris Jones, devoted her life to improving work conditions for men and women. After losing her husband and four children to yellow fever, Jones moved to Chicago where she ran a dressmaking business. Her husband had been an active union member and Jones threw herself into the cause. She traveled constantly—carrying everything she owned in a black shawl. A great orator, she could rally workers to the union cause. She organized workers regardless of race, gender, or age and fomented great change for workers.
Bibliography
<p>Mother Jones and Philip Foner, ed. Mother Jones Speaks: Speeches and Writings of a Working-Class Fighter. (Pathfinder, 1983).</p>
<p>AFL-CIO piece on Mother Jones: <a href="http://www.aflcio.org/About/Our-History/Key-People-in-Labor-History/Mother-Jones-1837-1930">http://www.aflcio.org/About/Our-History/Key-People-in-Labor-History/Mother-Jones-1837-1930</a></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mary Harris "Mother" Jones
Subject
The topic of the resource
Labor activism
Description
An account of the resource
Renowned labor activist who worked to improve working conditions for men and women
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Wiki Commons
labor activism
mine workers
mother jones
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Omeka Image File
The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files.
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reform (Social or Labor)
Description
An account of the resource
The reform collection highlights those women who dared to influence labor changes to expand worker control over their conditions or who dared to reform society in a positive manner. In the United States, women have historically been major contributors to the great reform movements. Although their work is not given as much credit as those of their male counterparts, it was women who did much of the grassroots campaigning for universal suffrage, abolition of slavery, labor legislation, prison reform, social welfare programs, asylum reform, religious freedom, peace programs, and universal education. This collection then highlights the work of some of those activists and encourages us to be part of the solution and not part of the problem.
Person
An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc.
Birth Date
1880
Birthplace
Russia
Death Date
1925
Occupation
Garment worker
Biographical Text
The story of Rose Gollup Cohen's life is one of the standard immigrant worker. Cohen was sent from her home of Russia to the United States (he father had already emigrated) to escape Russian persecution of Jewish families. Born Rahel, she changed her name to Rose to avoid discrimination. She went to work in the sweatshops of the garment industry to help her father raise money to secure passage for her mother and siblings. Rose may have looked at the newly installed Statue of Liberty and thought that with a woman standing watch over its harbor that the US was truly an equitable place—she would have been incredibly wrong. Cohen lived in a slum area called a tenement—dirty, rundown, crowded buildings where workers lived and disease and violence was rampant. At work, she continually suffered sexual harassment. The first sentence that she learned in English was, "Keep your hands off, please." (Cohen, 85) Although not her first language, Cohen became comfortable enough writing English to publish an autobiography, <em>Out of the Shadow: A Russian Jewish Girlhood in the Lower East Side. </em>In her story, Cohen provides a detailed account of the garment trade, unionization, and the life of a Jewish immigrant. Her autobiography and other writings detail the poor treatment of workers, and those of immigrants. Wage-earning women were treated as dispensable. They were used and abused and then tossed away when the industrial machine had taken their value. Cohen managed to gain an education and rise above the sweatshop, but her death at the age of 45 under uncertain circumstances (thought to be suicide) provides a tragic ending to her story.
Bibliography
<p>Cohen, Rose. <em>Out of the Shadow: A Russian Jewish Girlhood in the Lower East Side</em>. (New York: George H. Doren Co., 1918). Original copy available for free download on Google books.</p>
<p>Kessler-Harris, Alice<em>. Out to Work: a History of Wage-Earning Women in the United States</em>. (Oxford University Press, 2003).</p>
<p>Jewish Women's Archive: <a href="http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/cohen-rose-gollup">http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/cohen-rose-gollup</a></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rose Gollup Cohen
Subject
The topic of the resource
Sweatshop labor
Description
An account of the resource
Immigrant sweatshop worker who wrote about the abuses suffered by workers during the Industrial Revolution
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Amy French
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Image: Jewish Women's Archive, private collection
garment industry
immigrant labor
Jewish immigrant
sweatshop
working women